全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试
第六套全真模拟题(理工类A)
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
l. Loud noises can be annoying.
A) hateful B) painful
C) horrifying D) irritating
2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.
A) sufficiently B) noticeably
C) intentionally D) absolutely
3. The Constitution's vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change.
A) imprecise B) concise
C) unpolished D) elementary
4. The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning.
A) top of the mountain B) bottom of the mountain
C) starting point D) site
5. The latest census is encouraging.
A) count B) statement
C) agreement D) estimate
6. Academic records from other institutions often become part of a university's official file and can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated.
A) borrowed B) purchased
C) copied D) rewritten
7. While serving in the Senate in the early 1970's, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environmental problems.
A) list B) forbid
C) handle D) investigate
8. Gambling is lawful in Nevada.
A) legal B) irresistible
C) enjoyable D) profitable
9. They always mock me because I am ugly.
A) smile at B) look down on
C) belittle D) laugh at
10. These are our motives for doing it.
A) reasons B) arguments
C) targets D) stimuli
11. It was a question of making sure that certain needs were addressed, notably in the pensions area.
A) noticeably B) remarkably
C) particularly D) significantly
12. His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married.
A) forgotten B) failed
C) deleted D) left out
13. Many of their ideas are being incorporated into orthodox medical treatment.
A) acceptable B) conservative
C) western D) conventional
14. Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous.
A) unheard-of B) unacceptable
C) unbelievable D) ridiculous
15. Guests were scared when the bomb exploded.
A) frightened B) killed
C) endangered D) rescued
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把Ｃ涂黑。
Mad Scientist Stereotype Outdated
Do people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed? The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics "boffin" still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London. The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects. 98 percent of those asked got it wrong. The majority of people picked a white male of around 60, wearing glasses and with a white beard.
While this stereotype may have been the image of an average physicist fifty years ago, the reality is now very different. Since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31.
The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards
full of equations or working with fizzing test tubes. These stereotypes are really damaging to society. Very good school children are put off studying science because they don't see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science. They simply don't relate to the media's image of the mad scientist.
This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university. If we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects, we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive. But we must also develop children's interest in science.
In an attempt to change this negative image, an increasing number of science festivals are being organized. Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in nationwide science competitions of which the most popular are the national science Olympiads. Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different country every year. These events are all interesting for the young people who take part but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science. It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.
16 Most people have similar ideas of what a physicist looks like.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 The majority of physicists in Britain today are Cambridge graduates.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 The media and the cinema have played a role in promoting the image of the mad scientist.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 There will be more women scientists than men scientists in the future.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 More children will study science if it becomes more attractive.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 The image of the mad scientist is really encouraging to society.,
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 The International Science Olympiads are held once every two years.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
THE SERVICE YOU GET ON THE TUBE
1. The world’s first underground railway (the Tube) opened in London in January 1863. Today there are 11 lines serving 272 stations, the busiest of which, King's Cross, sees the start and finish of around 70 million journeys a year. But the system is in crisis, mainly as a result of underinvestment. Overcrowding combined with poor reliability can lead to problems for travelers, particularly those who use the Tube during its busiest hours.
2. This report looks at service and safety on the Underground. It's based on the findings of our survey of passengers. Last June we interviewed 1,698 Tube travelers outside 46 Underground stations in London; 517 regular travelers were contacted again and asked more detailed questions by phone.
3. Since 1981 the number of passengers using the Tube has increased by almost half. The increase in passengers has not been matched by an expansion of the Underground system and there is widespread congestion, particularly during the peak hours. London Underground Limited (LU) states that over the busiest rush hour no more than one person should have to stand for each seated passenger. But LU's own statistics show that this standard is often not met over large areas of track on a daily basis.
4. Forty-three per cent of regular travelers mentioned graffiti, rubbish and generally dirty conditions as one of the aspects of the Underground’s service they disliked. The aim set by the Government for train cleaning is that carriages should be cleaned internally every day they are in use. LU's figures show it has come very close to achieving this. But there are no standards to define or measure how well trains have been cleaned. LU has made progress in dealing with rubbish at major stations but graffiti, old coaches and unmodernised stations remain serious problems.
5. Well over half of the regular travelers said they were dissatisfied with the information provided when something goes wrong on the system. 72 per cent of those who were dissatisfied complained that the information was wrong or given too late. 49 per cent couldn't hear or understand what was said. LU told us that a new system has been installed, which should mean Clearer messages. However, the new system applies only to messages broadcast within stations. Those coming from a central control room may not improve for some time to come.
6. Most of this report reflects the experiences of regular Tube travelers but we also asked those who do not travel every day for their views. The most popular type of ticket bought by these travelers was a one-day pass. Few appeared to have had problems finding their way around the system - 89 per cent said finding their way around was easy.
23 Paragraph 2 .
24 Paragraph 3 .
25 Paragraph 4 .
26 Paragraph 5 .
A Poor Announcements
B Dirty and Outdated
C Passenger’s Opinions Count
D Overcrowding
E A Waste of Time
F Occasional Users
27 The Tube system in Britain is facing a………
28 Some Tube travelers were interviewed more than once to get…..
29 LU has already taken measures to improve its……
30 Only few Tube travelers say they have problems…….
A making complaints
B finding their way
C their opinions on the Tube
D serious financial problem
E broadcasting system
F speed
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 Too Little for Global Warming
Oil and gas will run out too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change say they considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the p1anet.
The IPCC’s predictions of global meltdown pushed forward the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleklett and Colin Campbell of Uppsala University say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass.
Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined amount to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world’s remaining reserves.
Nebojsa Ndecenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team th8t produced the forecasts, says the panel’s work still stands. He says they factored in a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the "conservative" Swedes.
Even if oil and gas run out, "there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited", he says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2 for each unit of energy as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest analysis is a "shot across the bows" for policy makers.
31. What do the authors of the new analysis presented at the University of Uppsala intend to say?
A) The burning of coal will accelerate the arrival of Earth’s doomsday.
B) The oil reserves are big enough to materialize the doomsday scenarios.
C) Melting ice caps and searing temperatures exist only in science fiction.
D) Oil and gas will run out so fast that Earth’s doomsday will never materialize.
32. Nations that signed the Kyoto Protocol agree to
A) pay attention to global meltdown.
B) cut CO2 emissions.
C) use more green energy.
D) stop using fossil fuels.
33. What are the estimates of the world’s oil and gas reserves?
A) 4,000 billion barrels by the average forecast.
B) 8,000 billion barrels estimated by the Swedes.
C) 3,500 barrels envisaged by IPCC.
D) 3,500 billion by a growing number of scientists.
34. Which of the following about Nebojsa Nakicenovic is true?
A) He thinks fossil fuels are as dirty as oil and gas.
B) He thinks green fuels will replace oil and gas eventually.
C) He thinks IPCC's view on the world's oil reserves is too optimistic.
D) He thinks that IPCC's estimates are more optimistic than the Swedes.
35. Which of the following is the near explanation of Ndecenovic's assertion that "such a switch would be disastrous.. ." ?
A) The IPCC scenarios would come true because burning coal will emit larger amounts of C02.
B) A switch to burning coal would produce disastrous environmental problems.
C) Oil and gas to replace coal as fuel would speed up the process of global warming.
D) A switch from the IPCC scenarios to the policymakers ones would be disastrous.
第二篇 Accurate Timer
These days timing is everything. Between meetings and appointments, deadlines and conference calls, my schedule requires that I know the time down to the minute. Even on weekends, I have a football team to coach, shows to tape, and planes to catch. If I’m late, I'm sunk. The problem is that it’s hard if my clocks aren’t correct. Even the digital clocks can display time inaccurately. Dead batteries, time changes...any of these can cause a clock to be inaccurate. Now there is no need to worry, because advanced radio technology has produced a clock which gets the time directly from the U.S. Atomic Clock in Fort Collins, Colorado, the standard for time-keeping all over the world. The Atomic Clock by Acron is the most accurate, reliable and convenient timepiece you can have.
Every morning at 1:00 a.m., this "smart" clock in Colorado automatically resets itself to the exact hour, minute and second. The U.S. Atomic Clock is accurate to ten billionths of a second per day. This means that the clock deviates less than one second over a one-million year period. The Atomic Clock even adjusts automatically for daylight savings time, so you don’t have to remember to "spring forward" or "fall back". The desktop clock model is the only atomic clock that will not lose time with low power or when you change its batteries.
The most accurate clock in the world is of no use if it is difficult to operate. The Acron Atomic Clock is engineered in Germany using the latest scientific technology. It comes in two styles, the wall clock and the desktop model. Both are designed to be functional and easy to use. The desk clock’s display features the exact time (in hours, minutes and seconds), month and date, or you can choose to display any two U.S. or world time zones. It weighs only eight ounces, and is the perfect travel clock. It also has dual alarms, perfect for couples. Both the desktop and the wall models have an internal antenna for good reception without unattractive wires.
36 What is the passage mainly about?
A The importance of timing.
B The working principle of an ordinary clock.
C The features of the U.S. Atomic Clock.
D The manufacturer of the U.S. Atomic Clock.
37 The U.S. Atomic Clock is so accurate that
A it gains only a second in a million years.
B its deviation is within a second in a million years
C it loses only a second in a million years.
D its deviation can never be detected.
38 The U.S. Atomic Clock adjusts automatically for?
A spring time.
B summer time.
C autumn time.
D winter time.
39 Why does the writer want to know the time down to the minute?
A Because he always chairs meetings.
B Because he has got a football team to coach
C Because he is the pilot of a plane.
D Because he has a very tight timetable to follow.
40 Which of the following about the U.S Atomic Clock is NOT true?
A It has dual alarms.
B It has an outside antenna.
C It is a perfect travel clock due to its light weight,
D It displays two time zones.
第三篇 The Exploding Lakes of Cameroon
What comes to mind when you think of a lake? You probably imagine a pretty scene with blue water, birds, and fish. For the people in the northwestern Cameroon, however, the image is very different. For them, lakes may mean terrible disasters. In l984, poisonous gases exploded out of Lake Monoun and came down into the nearby villages, killing thirty-seven people. Two years later, Lake Nyos erupted. A cloud of gases rolled down the hills and into the valleys and killed 1,700 people.
Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are crater lakes. They have formed when water collected in the craters of old volcanoes. The volcanoes under Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are not active anymore. However, poisonous gases from the center of the earth continue to flow up through cracks in the bottom of the lake. This is normal in a crater lake. In most Crater lakes, these gases are released often because the water " turns over" regularly. That is, the water from the bottom of the lake rises and mixes with the water at the top, allowing if the gases to escape slowly.
However, In Lake Nyos and Moun, there is no regular turning over. No one knows the reason for this fact, but as a result, these lakes have more gases trapped at the bottom than other crater lakes. In fact, scientists who have studied Lakes Nyis and Monoun have found 16,000 times more gases. When a strong wind, cool weather, a storm, or a landslide causes the water to turn over suddenly , the gases escape in a violent explosion.
In the past, no one knew when the gases might explode, so there was no way for the villagers to escape disaster. Now scientists from the United States, France, and Cameroon have found a way to reduce the gas pressure at the bottom of Lake Nyos. They stood a 672-foot p1astic pipe in the middle of the lake, with one end of the pipe near the bottom and the other end in the air. Near the top of the pipe, the team put several holes that could be opened or closed by a computer. Now, when the gas pressure gets too high, the holes are opened and some of the gas-filled water shoots up through the pipe into the air like a fountain. With less pressure, a disastrous explosion is much less likely. However, the scientists are not sure that one pipe will be enough to prevent explosions; They hope to put in others soon and they plan to install a similar pipe and a computer system at Lake Monoun as well.
To protect people nearby until all of the pipes are in place, the scientists have installed early warning systems at both lakes. If the gas pressure rises to a dangerous 1evel, computers will set off loud sirens and bright lights to warn the people in the villages. That way, they will have time to escape from the dangerous gases.
41 What will happen when Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode?
A Water will flow down the hills.
B Poisonous gases will be released suddenly.
C A strong wind will rise from the lakes.
D The volcanoes will come to life.
42 Which of the following statements about Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun is true?
A They were formed in 1984.
B They are at the top of two active vo1canoes.
C They are not like most other crater lakes.
D Water in them turns over regu1arly.
43 Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode because
A the gases rise to the top and mix with air.
B people from the villages turn over the water.
C scientists have put in a computer system.
D they have more gases trapped at the bottom than other crater lakes.
44 A team of scientists has
A erected a pressure-releasing pipe in the lake.
B identified the gases at the bottom of the lake.
C built a beautiful fountain near the lakes.
D removed all dangerous gases from the lakes.
45 What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A Scientists are planning to install pipes in all crater lakes.
B Scientists still do not know how to prevent gas explosions.
C Explosion disasters could be avoided in the future.
D Warning systems have been set up in the villages nearby.
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-6-27 9:34:30编辑过]
